Education Strong Country Data

Database of 11 indicators in the paper

Table 1 Calculation of Chinese Academician Talent Ratio from 2012 to 2022

Year	CAS Member（person）	CAE Member（person）	Academician total（person）	Number of academicians in universities（person）	R&D personnel engaged in scientific and technological activities nationwide（person）	Ratio of academicians to talents in universities （person/ a hundred people)
Year	1	2	3=1+2	4=3×40%^☆	5	6=4/5
2012	710	763	1473	589	4617120	0.013
2013	750	802	1552	621	5018218	0.012
2014	730	786	1516	606	5351472	0.011
2015	777	836	1613	645	5482529	0.012
2016	753	822	1575	630	5830741	0.011
2017	800	869	1669	668	6213627	0.011
2018	785	853	1638	655	6571372	0.010
2019	830	908	1738	695	7129256	0.010
2020	811	888	1699	680	7552986	0.009
2021	859	953	1812	725	8580860	0.008
2022	822	909	1731	692	9401258	0.007
累计	8627	9389	18016	7206	71749439	0.010

Data source:China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook published in each year from 2013 to 2023;☆:40% of the data comes from:Sina Finance website Ministry of Education.The proportion of academicians from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering in universities exceeds 40% of the total number of academicians in the country [EB/OL].[2020-12-03].https:// baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=16850322909

38340478&wfr=spider&for=pc.

Table 2 Calculation Table of the Ratio of high-grade Title Teachers

in Chinese Universities from 2012 to 2022

Year	University professor（person）	University Associate professor（person）	Total of high-grade title teachers in universities（person）	Totalof full-time teachers in universities（person）	Ratio of high-grade title teachers in universities（%）
Year	1	2	3=1+2	4	5=3/4
2012	171212	424408	595620	1479685	40.3%
2013	182982	442685	625667	1530512	40.9%
2014	190528	458388	648916	1566048	41.4%
2015	197511	471955	669466	1602811	41.8%
2016	203399	481635	685034	1627182	42.1%
2017	210104	497670	707774	1657218	42.7%
2018	219079	511649	730728	1694661	43.1%
2019	230301	531888	762189	1760786	43.3%
2020	242951	550705	793656	1832982	43.3%
2021	244132	555873	800005	1865541	42.9%
2022	252482	576772	829254	1963121	42.2%
Cumulative	2344681	5503628	7848309	18580547	42.2%

Data source: China Education Statistical Yearbook published in each year from 2013 to 2023

Table 3 Table of Chinese scientific and technological papers indexed

by the three major foreign search tools from 2012 to 2022

Year	SCI （Ten thousand piece）	EI （Ten thousand piece）	CPCI-S （Ten thousand piece）	Total indexed by the three major search tools（Ten thousand piece）	Publish scientific and technological papers nationwide（Ten thousand piece）	Inclusion rate of the three major search tools（%）
Year	1	2	3	4=1+2+3	5	6=4/5
2012	15.862	11.643	5.635	33.140	152	21.8%
2013	19.270	15.372	4.871	39.512	154	25.7%
2014	23.514	16.380	4.822	44.716	157	28.5%
2015	26.547	20.433	3.685	50.665	164	30.9%
2016	29.065	21.339	7.146	57.549	165	34.9%
2017	32.388	21.423	6.661	60.471	170	35.6%
2018	37.635	24.995	6.146	68.776	184	37.4%
2019	45.022	27.124	5.121	77.267	195	39.6%
2020	50.158	34.072	3.389	87.619	195	44.9%
2021	55.724	34.409	2.681	92.814	203	45.7%
2022	61.944	38.919	1.585	102.448	215	47.7%
Cumulative	397.129	266.109	51.742	714.981	1954	36.6%

Data source: China Statistical Yearbook published and distributed in each year from 2013 to 2023

Table 4 Calculation Table of Per Capita Scientific and Technological Works of Senior Professional Title Teachers in Chinese Universities from 2012 to 2022

Year	Number of scientific and technological monographs published by universities（kind）	Total number of full-time teachers with high-grade professional titles in universities（person）	Per capita number of scientific and technological works by high-grade title teachers in universities （kind / person）
Year	1	2	3=1/2
2012	38760	595620	0.065
2013	37866	625667	0.061
2014	39326	648916	0.061
2015	43136	669466	0.064
2016	44518	685034	0.065
2017	45591	707774	0.064
2018	44794	730728	0.061
2019	43331	762189	0.057
2020	42970	793656	0.054
2021	44039	800005	0.055
2022	40646	829254	0.049
Cumulative	464977	7848309	0.059

Data source: China Statistical Yearbook published and distributed in each year from 2013 to 2023

Table 5 Calculation Table of Per Capita Patent Authorization

for Chinese R＆D Personnel from 2012 to 2022

Year	Number of authorized patent applications in universities（piece）	Total number of R＆D personnel in universities（person）	Per capita number of patent authorizations for R＆D personnel in universities （piece / person）
Year	1	2	3=1/2
2012	74550	677800	0.110
2013	84930	715100	0.119
2014	85006	763000	0.111
2015	127329	838800	0.152
2016	149524	851800	0.176
2017	169679	913600	0.186
2018	193027	984300	0.196
2019	213163	1233200	0.173
2020	278016	1274000	0.218
2021	319514	1408000	0.227
2022	300633	1519000	0.198
Cumulative	1995371	11178600	0.178

Data source: China Statistical Yearbook published and distributed in each year from 2013 to 2023

Table 6 Calculation Table of the Ratio of R&D Expenditure to Education GDP

in National Universities from 2012 to 2022

Year	R&D expenditure of universities（RMB100mn）	Education GDP（RMB100mn）	Ratio of R&D expenditure to education GDP in universities(%)
Year	1	2	3=1/2
2012	780.6	16282.7	4.79%
2013	856.7	18951.4	4.52%
2014	898.1	21159.9	4.24%
2015	998.6	24370.5	4.10%
2016	1072.2	26964.9	3.98%
2017	1266.0	30208.4	4.19%
2018	1457.9	34001.4	4.29%
2019	1796.6	37934.1	4.74%
2020	1882.5	40091.9	4.70%
2021	2180.5	43885.3	4.97%
2022	2412.4	47257.4	5.10%
Cumulative	15602.1	341107.9	4.57%

Data source: China Statistical Yearbook published and distributed in each year from 2013 to 2023

Table 7 Calculation Table of the Ratio of National University Patent Transfer

Revenue to University Education Funding from 2012 to 2022

Year	Revenue from patent transfer by universities（ten thousand yuan）	allocation for educational expenses in universities（ten thousand yuan）	Ratio of revenue from patent transfer to allocation for educational expenses in universities（%）
Year	1	2	3=1/2
2012	43630	39251673.3	0.11%
2013	43624	38927824.3	0.11%
2014	54122	41232939.3	0.13%
2015	66942	46768668.7	0.14%
2016	121543	50283162.8	0.24%
2017	196382	54594838.8	0.36%
2018	189681	58157530.3	0.33%
2019	155993	63687834.0	0.24%
2020	248323	64702477.8	0.38%
2021	334172	70757085.0	0.47%
2022	340014	74040400.0	0.46%
Cumulative	1794426	602404434.3	0.30%

Data source：China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook published in each year from 2013 to 2023

Table 8 Calculation Table of the Ratio of National University technology Transfer

Revenue to University Education Funding from 2012 to 2022

Year	Technology transfer income of universities（ten thousand yuan）	allocation for educational expenses in universities（ten thousand yuan）	Ratio of revenue from technology transfer to allocation for educational expenses in universities（%）
Year	1	2	3=1/2
2012	2939628	39251673.3	7.49%
2013	3294932	38927824.3	8.46%
2014	3151393	41232939.3	7.64%
2015	3142568	46768668.7	6.72%
2016	3600238	50283162.8	7.16%
2017	3558316	54594838.8	6.52%
2018	4531828	58157530.3	7.79%
2019	5929423	63687834.0	9.31%
2020	5609785	64702477.8	8.67%
2021	7903807	70757085.0	11.17%
2022	8113699	74040400.0	10.96%
Cumulative	51775617	602404434.3	8.59%

Data source：China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook published in each year from 2013 to 2023

Table 9 Calculation Table of Per Capita Major Scientific and Technological Achievements of Science and Technology Personnel in National Universities from 2012 to 2022

Year	Major scientific and technological achievements in universities（unit）	Total number of R＆D personnel in universities（person）	Number of major scientific and technological achievements per capita among scientific and technological personnel in universities（unit/ person）
Year	1	2	3=1/2
2012	9837	677800	0.015
2013	10193	715100	0.014
2014	10249	763000	0.013
2015	10235	838800	0.012
2016	10780	851800	0.013
2017	10621	913600	0.012
2018	11863	984300	0.012
2019	10567	1233200	0.009
2020	11782	1274000	0.009
2021	11216	1408000	0.008
2022	10520	1519000	0.007
Cumulative	117864	11178600	0.011

Data source：China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook published in each year from 2013 to 2023

Table 10 Calculation Table of National Science and Technology Awards Received

by Each Undergraduate Institution in China from 2012 to 2022

Year	Cultural, educational, and health units receive national level scientific and technological awards（unit）	number of regular undergraduate institutions in the country（place）	Number of national level scientific and technological awards received by each undergraduate institution（unit / place）
Year	1	2	3=1/2
2012	27	1145	0.024
2013	25	1170	0.021
2014	28	1202	0.023
2015	32	1219	0.026
2016	28	1237	0.023
2017	22	1243	0.018
2018	21	1245	0.017
2019	25	1265	0.020
2020	23	1270	0.018
2021	23	1238	0.019
2022	23	1239	0.019
Cumulative	278	13473	0.021

Data source：China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook published in each year from 2013 to 2023

Table 11 Calculation Table of National Industry University Research

Cooperation Contribution Index from 2012 to 202

Year	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Industry university research cooperation index	102.5	100.6	158.2	171.5	181.2	124.5	129.2	134.5	139.7	148.4	157.2
Link index	1.016	0.981	1.044	1.015	1.074	1.087	1.038	1.041	1.038	1.062	1.059

Data source: The "China Innovation Index" published annually on the website of the National Bureau of Statistics. Taking 2021 as an example, its website is:https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2022-10/28/content_5722402.htm.